Common Airborne Contaminants


Common airborne contaminants in the home

1. Insulation: In Europe, the jagged edged particles of fiberglass are of even greater concern than asbestos, which can still be found in older houses. Urethane is a further concern.

2. Pressed wood in furniture and flooring: manufactured with formaldehyde, which is released as gas.

3. Dry cleaning: source of toxic toluenes and PERC

4. Dust Mites: the excreta and body parts of these organisms are a common
allergen, a particular problem in bedrooms.

5. Lead: found in older paints and plumbing pipes.

6. Aerosols in personal care products: a common source of organic gases, some of which are suspected carcinogens.

7. Gas stove: can be a source of combustion by-products.

8. Household cleaning products: can contain many harmful volatile chemicals.

9. Pesticides: source of extremely toxic chemicals that can be released into indoor air.

10. Smoke from fireplace or wood stove: open fireplaces can produce ash dust, carcinogenic tars and combustion by-products like carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.

11. Wall coverings: plasticized wallpapers can emit VOC's; wood panelling is often manufactured with formaldehyde.

12. Draperies: treated fabrics can contain formaldehyde. Curtain folds collect dust.

13. Tobacco smoke: tobacco smoke contains 43 carcinogens, the danger to nonsmokers from second-hand smoke, especially children, is now becoming recognized.

14. Carpets: source of formaldehyde. Harbor dust, dust mites and animal dander.

15. Paints and solvents: these are sources of many volatile chemicals, which are easily vaporised.

16. Fuels: storage of gasoline, kerosene, and other fuels can release volatile chemicals into household air.

17. Pet Dander: animal hair and skin flakes are a common source of allergens.

18. Auto exhaust: such fumes can enter the home from the garage or nearby traffic flow. Carbon monoxide is the primary danger, and has a cumulative effect in the human system.

19. Asbestos: the particles of this carcinogen can be released into the air if asbestos insulation or pipe cladding is disturbed during house repairs. Asbestos fibers reside in lung tissue and can cause lung cancer or emphysema.

20. Radon: radon gas is a natural emission where uranium exists underground. Radon carries radioactive particles that can be a dangerous cause of lung cancer.

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COMMON POLLUTANTS SOURCES & ILLNESSES

Indoor Pollution Conditions Affecting Human Health
Ammonia
Tobacco smoke, cleaning supplies
Eye/skin irritation, headaches, nose bleeds, sinus problems
Benzene
Paint, new carpet, new drapes, upholstery
Headaches, eye/skin irritation, fatigue, cancer
Benzopyrene
Tobacco smoke
Asthma attacks, eye/skin irritation, sinus problems, lung cancer
Chloroform
Paint, new drapes, upholstery, new carpeting
Headaches, asthma attacks, dizziness, eye/skin irritation
Formaldehyde
Tobacco smoke, plywood cabinets, furniture, particle board flooring and furniture, office dividers, new carpet, new drapes, wallpaper, paneling
Headaches, eye/skin irritation, drowsiness, fatigue, respiratory problems, memory loss, depression, gynecological problems, cancer
Hydrocarbons
Tobacco smoke, gas burners, furnaces
Headaches, eye/skin irritation, nausea, breathing difficulties
Trichlorethylene
Paints, glues, furniture, wallpaper
Headaches, eye/skin irritation, respiratory irritation
Xylene
Paint, new drapes, cleaning supplies, new carpeting
Headaches, dizziness, fatigue
Common Particulate Pollutants
Dust
Carpet, clothing, pollen, dirt, paint, upholstery animal, industrial processes and human skin
Eye irritation, allergies, eye-ear, nose & throat infections, asthma attacks, fatigue, depression
Dust Mites
(15 species)
Every inhabited room harbors hundreds of thousands of dust mites. Typically 10,000 dust mites are found in an ounce of dust.
Decaying dust mite waste materials are
#1 source of indoor allergies
Common Bio-active Contaminants
Bacteria & Viruses
Air conditioning/heating ducts, pets, garbage, bathroom, water, food & air
Colds, flu, respiratory infections, eye infections
Genus Klebsiella
Air, saliva, urine
Chronic infections, spec. urinary tract, severe hemorrhagic pneumonia
Genus Pseudomonas
Soil, water, skin, saliva
Ps. Aeruginosa acts as opportunistic pathogen. Hard to treat, often fatal
Genus Vibrio
Water, moist environments, food, fecal contamination, mosquitoes
V. Cholerae is a parasite of man, it's only host. High fatality rate.
Genus Aeromonas
Fresh water, alkaline environments including raw dairy, meat, poultry & vegetables plus open wounds
Intestinal & extra-intestinal infections including meningitis & sepsis
Genus Salmonella
Fecal contamination of food, milk or water
Typhoid fever
Bacillus subtilis
Common in soil, decomposing matter, dust, air
Infections of wounds and eye
Escherichia coli
Fecal contamination of food and water. Can be of human or animal origin.
Most frequent cause of urinary tract infection. May cause Puerperal sepsis, cholecysitis, appendicitis and many other diseases. Frequently fatal.
Legionalla pneumophila
Air conditioning ducts
legionellosis and Pontiac Fever
Shigella dysenteriae
Person to person by contaminated food, flies and feces. Uncommon in USA
Bacillary dysentery
Yersinia enlerocolitica
Contaminated food or direct contact with infected animals or humans
Causes ilocecal inflammation, endocarditis, wound infection, septicemia, meningitis, polyarthritis and mesenteric lymphadenitis
Campylobacter jefuni
Food, water, hand to mouth. Very common cause of gastroenteritis.
Traveler's diarrhea, can cause Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Mold Spores
Air conditioning/heating ducts, damp clothing, basements, cleaning tools, moist areas in walls, ceilings, carpets etc.
Allergies, sinus headaches, irritability, fatigue and depression
Yeast
Air, dust, soil, intimate human contact
Pathological intestinal and vaginal infections.

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